Python crawler how to build a free proxy pool?Scrapy anti-blocking guide

First, the underlying logic of free agent pool building

Building an agent pool is essentially a"Resource Selection + Quality Control"The circulatory system of the Free agent sources are like unprocessed ores that need to go through multiple steps before they can be put to use. A three-layer filtration mechanism is recommended:

1. Original collection: by crawling the public proxy site (such as the West Spur, fast proxy) to get the IP list
2. Basic validation: httpbin.org is used for survival detection, and those with a response time of more than 3 seconds are directly rejected.
3. Operational validation: actual scenario testing with login/high-frequency pages of target websites

# Simple Validation Function Example
def validate_proxy(proxy):
    validate_proxy(proxy): validate_proxy(proxy). try.
        response = requests.get('http://httpbin.org/ip',
                            proxies={"http": proxy}, timeout=3))
                            timeout=3)
        return True if response.status_code == 200 else False
    return False if response.status_code == 200 else False
        return False

Second, Scrapy anti-blocking seven practical skills

Relying on proxy pools alone is not enough, it needs to be coupled with anti-anti-crawling strategies to form a complete protection system:

Special reminder: Do not immediately replace the proxy when you encounter a CAPTCHA, it is recommended to first reduce the weight of the request for that IP, and then reuse it after the cooling off period.

III. The fatal flaws of free agents and solutions

The real-world data shows three major hard problems with free proxies:

- Short survival cycle (average 4-6 hours)
- Low availability (less than 151 TP3T)
- Security risk (possibility of listening to traffic)

That's when it's time toSpecialized agency service providers intervene. Taking ipipgo as an example, its residential IP pool has the characteristics of a real home network environment and supports on-demand geolocation switching. Their dynamic IP service is particularly suitable for scenarios that require high-frequency switching, and the response time for acquiring IPs through APIs can be controlled within 800ms.

IV. Hybrid Agent Pool Architecture Design

Recommended"Free Agent + Paid AgentThe hybrid model of the

Proxy scheduling logic:
1. prioritize paid IPs (e.g., ipipgo's short-acting proxies)
2. use dynamic residential IPs for high-frequency tasks
3. free proxies are used only as backup resources

Pay attention to the setting of the melting mechanism: when an IP fails 3 times in a row, it automatically enters the 12-hour quarantine zone to avoid slowing down the overall crawling efficiency.

V. Frequently Asked Questions QA

Q: What should I do if the free proxy always times out the connection?
A: It is recommended to set up a hierarchical timeout policy: the first detection with a short timeout of 2 seconds, and then after passing the actual request with a long timeout of 5 seconds.

Q: How to prevent the target website from blocking the whole IP segment?
A: Use service providers like ipipgo that have 90 million+ residential IPs, their IPs are distributed in different ASN segments to effectively avoid segment-level blocking.

Q: What if I need to process a CAPTCHA?
A: It is recommended that CAPTCHA requests be routed individually to a high stash of proxies, and ipipgo's static residential IPs can maintain the session state and be used with automated coding tools.

When encountering complex anti-climbing systems, it is recommended to directly use ipipgo's"Situationalized IP Packages"The company can automatically match the optimal IP type according to different scenarios such as e-commerce, social, search engine, etc. Their technicians can also provide customized anti-anti-crawling solutions.