Crawler agent pool building strategy: Scrapy dynamic IP rotation configuration details

First, why dynamic IP rotation is the crawler's immediate needs

The friends who have done the network crawler know that frequent use of the same IP to access the site, light trigger CAPTCHA, heavy directly blocked IP. this is like using the same car repeatedly in and out of the neighborhood - sooner or later the security guards will be suspicious. The core logic of dynamic IP rotation isLet the crawler operate like a different user on each visitAnd ipipgo provides 90 million + residential IP resources, just enough to realize the effect of real user visits.

Second, hand to build the basic agent pool

First initialize two global variables in Scrapy's settings.py:

 # Global IP counter ip_counter = {'count': 0} # Dynamic IP storage pool ip_pool = [] 

Get the initial IP through ipipgo's API (you need to log in the official website to get the specific interface), it is recommended that you get 10-20 IPs at a time. noteMust add protocol prefix::

 import requests ips = requests.get('https://api.ipipgo.com/get_ips').text.split('rn') ip_pool.extend([f'http://{ip}' for ip in ips]) 

III. Core middleware configuration skills

Creating the downloader middleware in middlewares.py hides three key technical points here:

 def process_request(self, request, spider): if ip_counter['count'] % 50 == 0: # smart switching threshold self.refresh_ip_pool() request.meta['proxy'] = random.choice(ip_pool) ip_counter['count'] += 1 

IV. Advanced strategies for dynamic rotation

Recommended in conjunction with ipipgoIntelligent Routing TechnologyIt automatically matches the optimal IP type based on the characteristics of the target website:

 if '.com' in request.url: request.meta['proxy'] = self.get_us_ip() # Call US IP pool elif '.jp' in request.url: request.meta['proxy'] = self.get_jp_ ip() # Calling the Japanese IP pool 

this kind ofGeolocation + Protocol AdaptationThe combination of these can effectively improve the compatibility of the target website.

V. A must-have guide to avoiding pitfalls

HF Question 1:Obviously changed IP and still blocked?
--Check whether the request header carries the browser fingerprint, it is recommended to use with the User-Agent middleware.

HF Question 2:What about slow agent response times?
--Enable ipipgo'sIntelligent QoS Optimizationfunction that automatically rejects high latency nodes

HF Question 3:How do I verify that the proxy is in effect?
--Add debugging code to the middleware:
print(f "Currently using IP: {request.meta['proxy']}")

VI. Why choose professional agency services

Self-built proxy pools often encounter low IP purity, protocol incompatibility and other problems. The three advantages of ipipgo solve these pain points:

• Real residential IP covering 240+ countries and regions
• Full protocol support (HTTP/HTTPS/SOCKS5)
• Dynamic/static IP free switching

Through theirIP Quality Monitoring SystemIt also provides a real-time view of key metrics such as agent availability and responsiveness.

VII. Comparison of practical effects

Let's do a comparison test with the same crawler script:

With this solution, our team has successfully achieved a stable collection of millions of data per day. Remember: good proxy service is not the cost, but theProductivity gas pedalThe